![]() So that in the process of constant operation of the gasoline pump, the pressure in the line does not exceed the maximum permissible parameter, there is a pressure regulator in the ramp device. Depending on the type of vehicle, engineers can implement different types of fuel delivery for each operating cycle of the engine. Thanks to this margin, different action of the nozzles is provided, ranging from constant and ending with multi-layer. The ramp in this scheme is needed so that a certain amount of fuel accumulates in its cavity. They are connected to a line through which fuel is supplied under high pressure. The vapors ignite much faster, which means that the exhaust contains less toxic substances.Īll injectors are electromagnetically driven. When small droplets of gasoline enter a hot environment, they evaporate more intensively and mix more effectively with air. The better the fuel mixes with air, the more efficient combustion will be, as well as less stress on the exhaust system, the key component of which is the catalytic converter (for why every modern car is equipped with it, read here). The nozzle is designed in such a way that the portion is sprayed onto the mist, which ensures the most efficient preparation of BTC. In order for the vehicle circuit to function, gasoline is injected into the flow in parallel with this process. The flow moves through the filter, and also passes near the mass air flow sensor and through the throttle cavity (for more details about its function, see in another article). ![]() Due to this, a vacuum is created in the cylinder cavity, and air is sucked from the intake manifold. When the intake valve opens, the piston performs an intake stroke (moves to bottom dead center). Injectors (their number is identical to the number of cylinders in the engine design) Īll components work according to the following scheme.Fuel rail (a line that makes it possible to distribute gasoline to injectors).Only the distribution and mixing of fuel with air occurs much closer to the intake valves of the gas distribution mechanism. Spraying occurs into the intake manifold (for details on the intake system, read here) as with the carburetor. In such a system, fuel is supplied to the injector under pressure. The key sensor, without which no modern vehicle will work, is the crankshaft position sensor (it is described in detail in another review). Today, another effective scheme is compared with it - direct injection for gasoline internal combustion engines (there is no alternative in diesel units - in them diesel fuel is sprayed directly into the cylinder at the end of the compression stroke).įor the operation of the fuel system, the electronic control unit collects data from many sensors (their number depends on the type of vehicle). Unlike mono injection (considered an evolutionary modification of the carburetor), the distributed system is equipped with an individual nozzle for each cylinder. Now let's look at the principle of operation, according to which fuel is sprayed to form VTS. Therefore, those who are considering the possibility of upgrading their carburetor ICE should consider using other methods of garage tuning. The basic principle of the MPI systemīefore understanding the terminology and operating principle, it should be clarified that the MPI system is installed exclusively on the injector. We will discuss the device of this modification, what is the difference between it and direct injection, as well as what are its advantages and disadvantages. This is a multi-point injection or MPI system. Now we will focus on one of the most common developments, which is received not only by budget cars, but also by many models of the premium segment, as well as sports cars running on gasoline (the diesel engine uses exclusively direct injection). Details about the difference between these modifications, as well as about other analogs of injection are described in a separate review. The fuel system can have both mono injection (a point method of petrol spraying) and distributed injection.
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